Line

• Line is the basic form of visual communication and is the foundation of all drawing and sketching.
• A good understanding of different types of lines – such as vertical, horizontal, diagonal, zigzag, curved, freehand, etc. – can greatly enhance your artistic skills.
• Lines can suggest movement, direction and can convey mood depending on how they are applied.
• By varying the thickness, length, curvature, and direction of lines, artists can create different textures and patterns.
• The outline or contour lines define a shape and can be used to suggest a three-dimensional form.

Shape

• A shape is a closed line that can also be defined as a geometric area that stands out from the space next to or around it due to a defined boundary.
• Shapes can be either geometric (e.g., squares, circles, triangles) or organic (irregular shapes like those found in nature).
• Positive shapes in a work of art are the subjects, while negative shapes are the areas in between the subjects.
• Shapes can be two-dimensional (such as a square on a flat surface) or three-dimensional (like a sphere or cube).
• The notion of shape is fundamental in the field of painting for arranging forms on a flat surface.
• Using contrasts between shapes can enhance balance or imbalance within the artwork.

Line and Shape in Composition

• In composition, lines and shapes can be used to lead the viewer's eye around the artwork, creating motion and directing focus.
• Understanding and controlling the use of line and shape can aid in establishing and controlling an artwork's visual flow.
• Lines can be used to specify boundaries, create textures, or suggest movement, while shapes can convey mood and create interest.
• Overlapping shapes create depth in a composition, and controlling the sizes of shapes can contribute to the sense of spatial perception.
• Manipulating lines and shapes can give an image distinct styles and patterns, making the artwork more visually appealing.

Using Line and Shape in Practice

• Practice drawing different types of lines and shapes, paying attention to the mood or effect they create.
• Use shape and line to break images down into simpler components, making them easier to draw.
• Experiment with different ways to use lines and shapes in your composition – try making a sketch using just one type of line or shape to see its effect.
• Remember that variety in lines and shapes can create interest and maintain the viewer’s attention.
• Use contrast between lines and shapes to show depth or highlight certain areas of your artwork.