Interdependence

• Interdependence refers to the reliance of organisms on each other for survival and reproduction.
• It's typically seen in the form of symbiotic relationships, where two or more species benefit from the association.
• These relationships can take a variety of forms including mutualism (both organisms benefit), parasitism (one organism benefits at the other's expense), and commensalism (one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed).
• Predator-prey relationships also represent interdependence, with the predator reliant on the prey for food, and the prey populations influencing the number of predators.
• An imbalance in these relationships, caused by factors like disease, environmental changes, or human activities can disrupt the dynamics of the entire ecosystem.

Adaptations

• Adaptations are features or behaviours that organisms develop over time to help them survive and reproduce in their particular habitats.
• These can be physical adaptations like an animal's fur colour for camouflage, or behavioural adaptations like migration patterns.
• Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism, such as the ability of water birds to have webbed feet to aid in swimming.
• Physiological adaptations involve the internal workings of an organism. For example, the production of venom in some snakes.
• Adaptive radiation is a process where organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available.
• Natural selection plays a key role in adaptation where individuals with certain adaptations survive and reproduce more successfully than others, leading these traits to become more common over generations.

As a final tip, be prepared to give specific examples of interdependence and adaptations in a multitude of different organisms and eco-systems.