Ceremonies and Rituals in Sikhism
Birth and Naming Ceremonies
- Naam Karan: The naming ceremony is held at the Gurdwara, usually around 40 days after birth.
- The Guru Granth Sahib (the holy scripture) is opened at a random page, and the first letter on the left-hand page chosen forms the first letter of the child's name.
- Once the name is decided, the congregation says a prayer for the child's health and happiness.
- Karah Prasad (a sweet offering) is distributed among those present.
Initiation Ceremony
- Amrit Sanskar: The initiation ceremony where Sikhs are initiated into the Khalsa (the community of the pure).
- Involves five individuals known as the Panj Pyare who prepare and administer Amrit (a mixture of water and sugar stirred with a double-edged sword).
- The initiate must commit to the Five Ks: Kesh (uncut hair), Kara (a steel bracelet), Kanga (a wooden comb), Kachera (cotton undergarments), and Kirpan (a ceremonial sword).
- Initiates must live by the principles of Naam Japna (reciting God's name), Kirat Karni (living honestly), and Vand Chhakna (sharing with others).
Marriage Ceremony
- Anand Karaj: Sikh marriage ceremony meaning "blissful union".
- The couple and their families gather at a Gurdwara for the ceremony conducted in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib.
- During the ceremony, the couple walks around the Guru Granth Sahib four times, known as Laavan.
- Each round is accompanied by a specific hymn sung by the Granthi (a person who reads from the Guru Granth Sahib).
Death and Mourning
- Antam Sanskar: The Sikh funeral rites, where the focus is on celebrating the life of the deceased.
- The body is usually cremated, symbolizing the return of the body to the five elements.
- The Akhand Path (continuous reading of the Guru Granth Sahib) is performed for 48 hours.
- Kirtan (hymn-singing) sessions and the distribution of Karah Prasad often follow the funeral.
Daily Rituals
- Nitnem: Daily prayers conducted by devout Sikhs. These include Japji Sahib, Jaap Sahib, and other prayers to be recited at different times of the day.
- Simran: The practice of meditating on God's name, often using the word Waheguru.
- Sikhs should engage in Seva (selfless service) as part of their daily lives.
Understanding these ceremonies and rituals is crucial for grasping the significance they hold within the Sikh community and their expressions of devotion, commitment, and community values.