iGCSE German CAIE

This subject is broken down into 60 topics in 9 modules:

  1. Everyday Life 8 topics
  2. Personal and Social Life 6 topics
  3. The World Around Us 4 topics
  4. Education and Work 4 topics
  5. Grammar 19 topics
  6. Vocabulary Expansion and Application 5 topics
  7. Listening Skills 5 topics
  8. Speaking Skills 5 topics
  9. Reading Skills 4 topics
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This page was last modified on 28 September 2024.

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German

Everyday Life

Daily Routine

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Daily Routine

Vocabulary: Daily Routine

  • aufstehen means 'to get up'
  • sich anziehen means 'to get dressed'
  • Frühstück essen indicates 'to eat breakfast'
  • zur Schule gehen means 'to go to school'
  • Unterricht haben translates to 'to have lessons'
  • Mittagessen is 'lunch'
  • Hausaufgaben machen means 'to do homework'
  • zu Abend essen translates to 'to eat dinner'
  • ins Bett gehen is 'to go to bed'

Time of Day

  • Morgens refers to 'in the morning'
  • am Vormittag is 'in the late morning'
  • Mittags is 'at noon'
  • am Nachmittag means 'in the afternoon'
  • Abends refers to 'in the evening'
  • Nachts is 'at night'

Talking about Routine

  • In Perfekt tense, use haben or sein as the auxiliary verb depending on the main verb used.
  • Ich habe gefrühstückt. - 'I had breakfast.'
  • Sie ist ins Bett gegangen. - 'She went to bed.'
  • Wir haben Hausaufgaben gemacht. - 'We did homework.'

Common phrases in Routine

  • Um wie viel Uhr...? - 'At what time...?'
  • Ich muss um 7 Uhr aufstehen. - 'I have to get up at 7 o'clock.'
  • Nach der Schule spiele ich Fußball. - 'After school, I play football.'
  • Vor dem Abendessen lese ich ein Buch. - 'Before dinner, I read a book.'
  • Use nach, vor, um, um...herum and gegen for time expressions.

Remember to always practice speaking and writing sentences to get comfortable using these words and phrases. Mix and match different verbs, times and activities to create a variety of sentences for your daily routine. This will not only help you in your revision but also improve your overall German fluency.

Course material for German, module Everyday Life, topic Daily Routine

German

Grammar

Verb Conjugation - Present Tense

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Verb Conjugation - Present Tense

Regular Verbs in Present Tense

  • Regular German verbs follow a standard pattern in their conjugation.
  • To conjugate a regular verb, first, remove the -en ending from the infinitive form of the verb to get the stem. For example, the stem of spielen (to play) is spiel.
  • Next, add the appropriate ending to the stem according to the subject of the sentence.

The verb endings in present tense are:

  • ich (I) -e: spiele (I play)
  • du (you, informal singular) -st: spielst (you play)
  • er/sie/es (he/she/it) -t: spielt (he/she/it plays)
  • wir (we) -en: spielen (we play)
  • ihr (you, informal plural) -t: spielt (you all play)
  • Sie/sie (you, formal / they) -en: spielen (you/they play)

Special Verb Stems

  • Some verbs have a stem that ends in -s, -ß, -x, -z. These verbs drop the -s in the du form. For example: du reist (not reisst) from the verb reisen.
  • Other verbs have a stem that ends in -d, -t, -m, -n following a consonant. These verbs add an -e- before the personal endings. For example, ich arbeite from the verb arbeiten.

Irregular Verbs in Present Tense

  • Irregular verbs don't entirely follow the standard pattern of conjugation. Some change their stem vowel in the du and er/sie/es forms.
  • An example of an irregular verb is lesen (to read): ich lese, du liest, er/sie/es liest, wir lesen, ihr lest, Sie/sie lesen.
  • It's important to learn irregular verbs individually as they can be quite different.

Separable Verbs

  • Separable verbs split into two parts when they're used. The main part conjugates normally, while the prefix moves to the end of the sentence or clause.
  • For instance, aufstehen (to get up) splits into ich stehe auf, du stehst auf, er/sie/es steht auf, wir stehen auf, ihr steht auf, Sie/sie stehen auf.

Course material for German, module Grammar, topic Verb Conjugation - Present Tense

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