A Level Hindi CAIE

This subject is broken down into 20 topics in 2 modules:

  1. Reading and Writing 10 topics
  2. Oral Proficiency 10 topics
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  • 20
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  • 7,595
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  • 59+
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This page was last modified on 28 September 2024.

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Hindi

Reading and Writing

Extensive vocabulary and its correct application

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Extensive vocabulary and its correct application

Understanding and Enhancing Vocabulary

  • Daily Language Practice: The more you use Hindi, the better your vocabulary will become. Engage in constant practice, either in speaking, writing or reading Hindi.
  • Reading Varied Hindi Literature: This allows one to be exposed to diverse dialects, styles, and subject matter, which all contribute to vocabulary growth.
  • Flashcards: A time-tested method, compile flashcards with new words and their meanings. Add synonyms and use the word in a sentence for better understanding.
  • Word Usage: Ensure to use new words in your day-to-day conversation and writing to solidify your word knowledge.

Vocabulary in Context

  • Pay Attention to Context: The meaning of a word can change depending on the context. Always take into account the sentences before and after the word you are trying to understand.
  • Red Flags: Look out for words that you do not understand or have different meanings in different contexts.
  • Dictionary Usage: Regularly consult a Hindi-English dictionary to understand the meaning as well as the usage of words better.

Correct Application of Vocabulary

  • Word Order: Understand that the order of words might be different from English, and this greatly influences your overall grammar.
  • Grammar Rules: A good vocabulary is futile without good grammar. Learn the rules punctiliously to convey your thoughts effectively.
  • Gender and Number Agreement: Hindi has strict rules about gender and number agreement between nouns and adjectives. Be mindful about this in your writing.
  • Understanding the Nuances: Words can have different meanings and connotations in different contexts, so be aware of these nuances.

Exam Specific Vocabulary

  • Exam Terms: Familiarise yourself with the terms regularly used in exam questions, such as 'discuss', 'analyse', 'compare', etc. and their Hindi equivalents.
  • Topic-Specific Vocabulary: Each essay or question you answer will likely have a theme. Develop a robust vocabulary for common themes such as environment, society, politics, etc.
  • Process Words: Words such as 'firstly', 'secondly', 'in conclusion' help structure your answer and should be incorporated in your writing effectively.
  • Practice Past Papers: This will help you get a sense of the vocabulary typically used in the exam scenario and how you can apply it best.

Remember, a language is not static but a living entity that grows and evolves over time. Thus, your vocabulary enhancement is a constant process.

Course material for Hindi, module Reading and Writing, topic Extensive vocabulary and its correct application

Hindi

Oral Proficiency

Accurate pronunciation, intonation, and emphasis

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Accurate pronunciation, intonation, and emphasis

Accurate Pronunciation

  • Understanding Hindi consonants and vowels is fundamental. Familiarise yourself with the phonetics.

  • Hindi uses a syllabary rather than an alphabet. Each character has its own sound, which can vary depending on the marks written above or below it.

  • Avoid the anglicisation of Hindi words. Train your tongue to pronounce aspirated and unaspirated sounds, retroflex, and dental consonants.

  • Pay attention to nasalized vowels, marked with a dot (bindu ã) or a small crescent (chandra bindu ã̃).

  • The pronunciation of a word can change its meaning, for instance, 'mān' (honour) and 'mann' (mind) are distinct words.

Intonation and Emphasis

  • In Hindi, intonation often expresses a speaker's emotive state or emphasises certain parts of a sentence.

  • Practice using different pitch levels to differentiate affirmative from interrogative sentences.

  • Words can be stressed to highlight importance or contrast. For instance, in the sentence "Ram ne roti khaayi," the name 'Ram' is stressed to emphasise that it was Ram who ate the bread.

  • Rising and falling intonations can be used to convey different types of questions. Rising intonation is typically used in yes-no questions, while falling intonation is more common in wh-questions.

  • Always pause at the end of a clause or sentence. Also, remember to pause after words which are vocally stressed.

Remember, proper pronunciation and intonation can make the difference between understanding and confusion. It can influence the tone, message, and overall success of your communication. Practice regularly and try to use these skills in every conversation you have in Hindi to fully internalise them.

Course material for Hindi, module Oral Proficiency, topic Accurate pronunciation, intonation, and emphasis

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