Computer Hardware
Computer Hardware Overview
- Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the motherboard, CPU, hard drive, RAM, etc.
- These components are necessary for a computer to function and execute various tasks.
- The term contrasts with software, which are intangible elements like operating systems, applications, and data.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- The CPU, or the 'brain' of the computer, processes and executes instructions and data.
- It contains a control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and immediate access store.
- CPU performance is influenced by its clock speed, number of cores, and cache memory size.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
- RAM is a type of computer memory that can be read from and written to by the CPU.
- It is volatile memory, meaning data is lost when power is turned off.
- More RAM allows for more processes to be run at the same time.
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
- ROM is a type of memory that stores data that can only be read.
- It is non-volatile and stores the instructions for the computer to start up.
Motherboard
- The motherboard is the main circuit board where all hardware components are connected.
- It allows communication between different hardware components and includes slots for CPU, RAM, and expansion cards.
Hard Drives
- Hard drives are used for permanent storage of data.
- They come in two types: HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SDD (Solid State Drive). SSDs are faster but more expensive.
Expansion Cards
- Expansion cards enhance capabilities of a computer, such as sound card for audio processing, network card for internet connection, and graphics card for visual output processing.
Input and Output Devices
- Input devices include mouse, keyboard, scanner, which allow users to interact with the computer.
- Output devices include monitor, printer, speakers, which provide feedback and results to the users.
Remember to be familiar not only with their function, but also with how these components interact with one another and with the software side of the computer system.