Mercury

• Mercury is the smallest planet and closest to the Sun, with a highly elliptical orbit.
• It has no moons and no significant atmosphere, primarily because of its proximity to the Sun and small size.
• Due to lack of atmosphere, its temperature varies greatly, from extremely hot to extremely cold.
• Its surface is heavily cratered, similar to Earth’s moon.

Venus

• Venus is the second planet from the Sun, similar in size to Earth but with a thick, toxic atmosphere largely composed of sulfuric acid and carbon dioxide.
• It has no natural moons and its surface is hidden by thick clouds, although radar mapping has shown it to be volcanic and mountainous.
• Despite being further from the Sun than Mercury, it is the hottest planet due to its greenhouse effect.
• Venus has a very slow rotation, taking 243 Earth days to complete one Venusian day.

Earth

• Earth is the third planet from the Sun, the largest of the four terrestrial planets, and the only celestial body known to harbour life.
• It has a strong magnetic field that protects it from the solar wind, making life possible.
• Earth has one moon, which stabilises the planet's tilt and therefore climate.
• Approximately 70% of Earth's surface is covered in water.

Mars

• Mars, often called the Red Planet because of its reddish appearance, is the fourth planet from the Sun.
• It has a thin atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide, and it's much colder than Earth due to its distance from the Sun.
• Mars is home to the tallest volcano and the deepest canyon in the solar system.
• It has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos.

Jupiter

• Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the Solar System.
• It's a gas giant composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, similar to the Sun.
• Its strong magnetic field helps to create spectacular polar auroras.
• It has a system of rings and a large number of moons, including Ganymede, the largest moon in the solar system.

Saturn

• Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun, is a gas giant renowned for its prominent ring system.
• It has a thick atmosphere mostly composed of hydrogen and helium.
• Saturn is the least dense planet in our Solar System, it could float on water if there was a basin large enough.
• It has a large number of moons, the largest being Titan, which is larger than the planet Mercury.

Uranus

• Uranus is a gas giant and the seventh planet from the Sun. Its blue colour is due to methane in the atmosphere absorbing red light.
• It has a complex system of thin, dark rings and more than two dozen moons.
• Uranus is the only planet that rotates on its side, perhaps due to a collision with a large body in the past.
• It's a very cold planet, with temperatures reaching as low as -224 degrees Celsius.

Neptune

• Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun, a gas giant with a deep blue colour.
• It has strong winds and large storms, including the Great Dark Spot that is similar to Jupiter's Great Red Spot.
• Its atmosphere is primarily composed of hydrogen, helium, and methane, which gives it a deep blue colour.
• Neptune has a faint ring system and 14 known moons, the largest of which is Triton.