A Level Geography Eduqas
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102 topics in 14 modules
☑️ Coastal Landscapes 10 topics
- The operation of the coast as a system
- Temporal variations and their influence on coastal environments
- Landforms and landscape systems, their distinctive features and distribution
- Factors affecting coastal processes and landforms
- Processes of coastal weathering, mass movement, erosion and the characteristics and formation of associated landforms
- Processes of coastal transport and deposition and the characteristics and formation of associated landforms
- Aeolian, fluvial and biotic processes and the characteristics and formation of landforms in coastal environments
- Variations in coastal processes, coastal landforms and landscapes over different time scales
- 9 Coastal processes are a vital context for human activity
- The impact of human activity on coastal landscape systems
☑️ Glaciated Landscapes 10 topics
- The operation of a glacier as a system
- Climate change and the glacier budget over different time scales
- Glacier Movement
- The range of glacial environments and their distribution
- Processes of glacial weathering, erosion and the characteristics and formation of associated landforms
- Processes of glacial and fluvioglacial transport, glacial and fluvioglacial deposition and the characteristics and formation of associated landforms
- Suites of landforms within glacial landscapes
- Periglacial processes and the formation of associated features
- Variations in glacial processes, glacial landforms and landscapes over different time scales
- Glacial processes are a vital context for human activity
☑️ Tetonic Hazards 5 topics
- Tectonic processes and hazards
- Volcanoes, processes, hazards and their impacts
- Earthquakes, processes, hazards and their impacts
- Human factors affecting risk and vulnerability
- Responses to tectonic hazards
☑️ Changing Places 10 topics
- Changing place; changing places - relationships and connections
- Changing place; changing places - meaning and representation
- Changes over time in the economic characteristics of places
- Economic change and social inequalities in deindustrialised urban places
- The service economy (tertiary) and its social and economic impacts
- The 21st Century knowledge economy (quaternary) and its social and economic impacts
- The rebranding process and players in rural places
- Rural management and the challenges of continuity and change
- The rebranding process and players in urban places
- Urban management and the challenges of continuity and change
☑️ Fieldwork Investigation in Physical and Human Geography 6 topics
- Context and planning - what is the geographical enquiry process?
- Data collection - how is data and information (evidence) collected?
- Presentation and display - how is the collected data and information presented?
- . Analysis and interpretation of findings - how can the evidence be analysed?
- Conclusion - what conclusions can be drawn and how do these relate to the initial aim of the enquiry?
- Evaluation of the whole investigation - what evaluative techniques should be applied to the enquiry process?
☑️ Water and Carbon Cycles 10 topics
- The concepts of system and mass balance
- Catchment hydrology - the drainage basin as a system
- Temporal variations in river discharge
- Precipitation and excess runoff within the water cycle
- Deficit within the water cycle
- The global carbon cycle
- Carbon stores in different biomes
- Changing carbon stores in peatlands over time
- Links between the water and carbon cycles
- Feedback within and between the carbon and water cycles
☑️ Global Governance: Change and Challenges 5 topics
- Globalisation, migration and a shrinking world
- Causes of international economic migration
- Consequences and management of international economic migration
- Causes, consequences, and management of refugee movements
- Causes, consequences, and management of rural-urban migration in developing countries
☑️ Global Governance of the Earth’s Oceans 5 topics
- Global governance of the Earth's oceans
- Global flows of shipping and sea cables
- Sovereignty of ocean resources
- Managing marine environments
- Managing ocean pollution
☑️ Tectonic Hazards 6 topics
- Tectonic processes and hazards
- Volcanoes, processes, hazards and their impacts
- Earthquakes and tsunami. Processes, hazards and their impacts
- Human factors affecting risk and vulnerability
- Responses to volcanic hazards
- Responses to earthquakes and tsunami
☑️ Ecosystems 7 topics
- The value and distribution of ecosystems
- The structure and functioning of ecosystems
- Biodiversity under threat
- Conserving biodiversity
- Ecosystems at a local scale
- The Arctic tundra biome
- Sustainable use of the Arctic tundra biome
☑️ Economic Growth and Challenge: either India or China 7 topics
- The physical background of India or China
- The demographic, social and cultural characteristics of India or China
- Opportunities and constraints of India or China's physical environment
- The economic and political background of India or China
- The global importance of India or China
- Threats to India's or China's environment associated with economic growth
- Sustainable development in India or China
☑️ Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 7 topics
- Definitions, measures and patterns of development
- The influence of physical factors on the development of selected countries
- The influence of economic factors on the development of selected countries
- The influence of political, social and cultural factors on the development of selected countries
- The impact of development on the environment
- Challenges of desertification
- Strategies to promote development
☑️ Energy Challenges and Dilemmas 7 topics
- The classification and distribution of energy resources
- Physical factors determining the supply of energy
- The changing demand for energy
- The global management of oil and gas
- Problems associated with extraction, transport and use of energy
- Energy mixes and development
- The need for sustainable solutions to meet the demand for energy
☑️ Weather and Climate 7 topics
- Global controls on climate
- 2 World's major climate types
- Climate and weather of Wales and the UK
- Extreme weather events
- Impacts and management of climatic hazards
- 6 Impacts of human activities on the atmosphere at local and regional scales
- People, climate and the future
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A Level Geography Eduqas Revision Content
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A Level Geography Eduqas - Coastal Landscapes - The operation of the coast as a system Content Preview
Coastal Landscapes
The operation of the coast as a system
The Coastal System Concept
- The coast is viewed as a system, which involves inputs, processes, outputs and feedbacks.
- The key components of the system are sources (inputs), transfers (throughputs or processes), stores and sinks (outputs).
- The coastal system is an example of an open system with energy and matter being freely transferred across its boundary.
Energy Inputs
- The primary energy input into the coast system is the sun, driving weathering processes.
- Wind, waves and tides also provide energy input. The strength and direction of these will impact coastal processes and landforms.
- Human actions can also be a source of energy input through activities that modify the coastal environment, such as dredging or deforestation.
Processes Within the Coast System
- Marine processes including waves, tidal action and longshore drift have key impacts upon shaping the coast.
- Sub-aerial processes such as weathering and mass movement also contribute importantly to the coastal system.
- Erosional processes like hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition, and solution play significant roles in coastal changes.
- Depositional processes, including sedimentation and the action of flora and fauna, are essential in the creation of new coastal landforms.
Outputs, Stores and Transfers
- Material transferred into the coast system is stored in features like beaches, salt marshes and sand dunes.
- Outputs could be sediment transported offshore or along the coast through longshore drift.
- Negative feedback processes help to maintain equilibrium within the coastal system, whereas positive feedback processes, such as the increased wave action caused by sea level rise, will accelerate changes to the coast.
Human Interaction with the Coast System
- Humans often disrupt the natural balance of coastal system through activities like construction, agriculture, and tourism.
- Mechanisms to manage human impact include hard engineering strategies like sea walls and groynes, as well as softer approaches such as beach nourishment and managed retreat.
- The impact of climate change and sea level rise on coastal areas can be catastrophic, exacerbating natural processes and threatening human activities and settlements.
Understanding Begins with Observation
- Field studies and technology advances, including remote sensing, are increasing our understanding of the complex interactions that shape and change coasts.
- Modelling, including geographical information systems (GIS), allows us to observe the potential impact of changes to the coastal system and facilitates in formulating strategies to manage these changes.
Question: How do human activities, such as construction and tourism, disrupt the natural balance of the coastal system?
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