A Level Physical Education CAIE
Full course content, a smart revision plan and instant past paper feedback for A Level Physical Education CAIE.
Start revising this course →Content Overview
40 topics in 8 modules
☑️ Anatomy and Physiology 5 topics
- Muscles and bones
- Cardiovascular system
- Respiratory system
- Energy systems
- Effects of exercise on the body
☑️ Skill Acquisition 5 topics
- Classification of motor skills
- Stages of learning
- Information processing
- Memory and learning
- Feedback and intrinsic motivation
☑️ Sociocultural Issues 5 topics
- Physical activity, sport, and society
- Cultural and social factors influencing sports participation
- Sport and the media
- Sport and politics
- Ethics and sportsmanship
☑️ Exercise Physiology 5 topics
- Principles of training
- Training methods and adaptations
- Sports injuries and rehabilitation
- Recovery and pre-habilitation
- Nutrition for sports performance
☑️ Sports Psychology 5 topics
- Motivation
- Psychological factors affecting performance
- Anxiety and arousal in sports
- Mental preparation and coping strategies
- Group dynamics and team cohesion
☑️ Biomechanics 5 topics
- Fundamental biomechanical principles
- Linear and angular motion
- Forces and their effects on motion
- Mechanical factors affecting stability and balance
- Fluid mechanics in sports
☑️ Performance Analysis 5 topics
- Approaches to performance analysis
- Techniques and methods of data collection
- Evaluation and interpretation of data
- Quantitative and qualitative analysis in sport
- Use of technology in performance analysis
☑️ Global Sporting Events 5 topics
- Historical development of major sporting events
- Economic, social, and cultural impacts of major events
- Political influences on global sport events
- Barriers to performance and participation in global sport events
- The role of national and international organizations in global sporting events
Other A Level Physical Education exam boards
A Level Physical Education CAIE Revision Content
Take a look at the written content available for this course. Practice-question availability may vary.
A Level Physical Education CAIE - Anatomy and Physiology - Muscles and bones Content Preview
Anatomy and Physiology
Muscles and bones
Muscles
- Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement - they contract in response to a nerve stimulus.
- There are three types of muscles in the human body: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
- Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and cause movement by contracting and relaxing in response to voluntary messages from the nervous system.
- Smooth muscles are found in organs such as the stomach and intestines. They work automatically and slowly, controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
- Cardiac muscle is unique to the heart. It contracts involuntarily and continuously to pump blood through the body.
- Muscles are categorised further as flexors or extensors. Flexors close the angle between two bones, while extensors increase the angle.
- Muscle fatigue results from the accumulation of lactic acid and lack of oxygen, which interfere with the ability of muscle fibres to contract.
- Regular exercise leads to muscle hypertrophy, the growth and increase in the size of muscle cells.
- Muscle atrophy is the wasting or loss of muscle tissue due to lack of physical activity or illness.
Bones
- The human skeleton is made up of 206 bones, providing structure and support for the body.
- Bones are classified into four types based on their shape: long, short, flat, and irregular bones.
- Long bones like the femur and humerus, provide strength, structure, and mobility.
- Short bones like the bones in the wrist and ankle, provide support and stability with little to no movement.
- Flat bones like the skull and ribcage, protect internal organs.
- Irregular bones, like the vertebrae and mandible, provide protection and allow for multiple types of movement.
- The joint is the location at which bones connect, allowing for movement and providing mechanical support.
- Synovial joints like the knee and elbow, are the most common type and are freely movable.
- Ligaments connect bones to other bones, while tendons connect muscles to bones.
- The main functions of bones include supporting the body, protecting internal organs, facilitating movement, storing and releasing minerals, and producing blood cells (hematopoiesis).
- Bone density and strength can be maintained or improved through weight-bearing exercises and a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D.
Question: What is the difference between a flexor and an extensor muscle, and can you provide an example of each?
Unlock instant, personalised feedback
Sign up to Adapt to practise the exam questions available for this course with instant, personalised feedback.
Start revising this course →Try Adapt now
Add this exact course and build your personalised revision plan.