The role of an engineer and the engineering design process
The Role of an Engineer
- Engineers use mathematical analysis and scientific principles to solve practical problems.
- They are responsible for researching, developing, designing, implementing and testing products, systems or structures.
- They work to improve safety, efficiency, and technological advancements across different industries.
- Engineers regularly tackle complex problems and devise innovative solutions.
- They also have a vital role in considering the potential costs, reliability, safety and environmental impact of a project.
- Communication is a key part of an engineer's role, frequently tasked with explaining complex ideas to clients, stakeholders and other non-technical team members.
- They must abide by strict ethical guidelines and help ensure the welfare of the public.
Engineering Design Process
- The engineering design process begins with defining a problem, identifying the criteria and constraints and understanding the customer's needs.
- Then follows research and gathering background information, which helps in understanding the problem and how to solve it.
- Next step is brainstorming and creating conceptual designs. This involves generating ideas, finding solutions, and combining solutions to form an initial design.
- Once a concept is developed, an analysis and selection of the best concept is done based upon the criteria and constraints. This is often done using a variety of techniques such as Pugh Matrix, Cost-benefit analysis, etc.
- The selected concept then undergoes detailed design and optimisation where the specifications of the design are finalised. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools are often used during this phase.
- Next, a prototype or model of the design is developed in the prototyping and testing phase. This prototype is tested to see if it meets the required criteria and whether it solves the problem identified.
- If fault is found during the testing, the iteration process brings us back to conceptual design stage. All the faults found are analysed and the design is improved until it meets the set standards.
- The final step is the implementation of the design. This involves manufacturing the product in quantities, purchased by the customer, and monitoring of potential improvements or maintenance.
Remember: The design process is not always linear, sometimes stages overlap and not always in the same order. Regular reviews at each stage ensure the problem is being addressed effectively.