Graphic Types
Graphic Types
Vector Graphics
- Defined by mathematical formulas rather than individual pixels.
- Offer greater scalability without loss in quality.
- Common software includes Adobe Illustrator.
Raster Graphics
- Also known as bitmap graphics.
- Composed of individual, coloured pixels.
- Common software includes Adobe Photoshop.
2D Graphics
- Allow for creation of images with only length and width.
- Uses shapes, lines, and text to construct images.
- Ideal for graphic designs like logos and posters.
3D Graphics
- Adds a third dimension, depth, evolving a shape into a form.
- Can create more realistic and complex images.
- Software includes 3D Studio Max and AutoCAD.
Concept and Presentation Graphics
- Used to visualise ideas and convey information.
- Can be both 2D and 3D.
- 'Concept Graphics' are rough and meant to be used early in the design process.
- 'Presentation Graphics' are refined, intended to be used in final stages to present the finished design.
Computer Aided Design (CAD) Graphics
- Graphics made using computer software to create precise 2D or 3D models.
- Common applications include architecture, engineering and industrial design.
- Illustrations are often scalable.
Computer Generated Imagery (CGI) Graphics
- Used to create animation and visual effects in films, TV and video games.
- Makes use of both 2D and 3D digital graphic techniques.
- Often used to create realistic environments, characters and objects.
Graphic File Types
- JPEG: Common raster format offering high compression rates.
- GIF: Supports animation and allows a separate palette of 256 colours for each frame.
- PNG: Raster type that provides lossless compression - allows for transparency.
- TIFF: Versatile raster format supporting numerous colour models.
- SVG: Standard vector type - scalable without quality loss.
- AI: Adobe Illustrator's proprietary vector format.
- PSD: Adobe Photoshop’s proprietary raster format.
- DWG: CAD file format for 2D and 3D design data.