Hardware and Software
Hardware
- Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system. Things that can be physically touched, moved or manipulated.
- Types of hardware include the CPU, RAM, Motherboard, peripherals; such as mice, keyboards, monitors, printers and storage devices like hard drives.
- The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the 'brain' of the computer, executing instructions and managing hardware activities.
- RAM (Random Access Memory) temporarily stores data that is processed by the CPU. It provides the CPU with quick access to necessary information.
- The Motherboard is the 'backbone' of the computer, connecting all the hardware components together, enabling them to communicate.
- Input devices like mice and keyboards allow users to input data to the computer system.
- Output devices like monitors and printers are used to output data from the computer system.
- Storage devices like hard drives and SSDs are used to permanently store data.
Software
- Software refers to the intangible components of a computer; these are programs or applications that tell the hardware what to do.
- Software can be categorised into two types: operating systems (OS) and application software.
- The Operating System manages hardware resources and provides an interface for user interaction. Examples include Windows, iOS, Linux, and Android.
- Application software is designed to help users perform specific tasks. Examples include word processors like Microsoft Word, spreadsheet software like Excel, and web browsers like Chrome.
- Software can also include utility programs, which help maintain and protect the computer system, such as antivirus software or disk cleanup tools.
- Software Development tools are used to create programs and apps. These can include programming languages (like Java or Python), IDEs, and debuggers.