Functions of the Skeleton
Header: Support and Shape
- The skeleton gives the body its basic shape, making individuals recognisable from their overall structure and the specific shape of features such as the nose.
- Provides structural support for the body, maintaining posture and enabling us to stand upright. Without a skeleton, we would be a formless mass of tissue.
Header: Protection
- Certain delicate organs, including the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs, are protected by the skeleton. The skull safeguards the brain, the vertebrae protect the spinal cord, and the rib cage defends the heart and lungs.
- Helps protect softer tissues and internal organs from injury during physical activities and from impact.
Header: Movement
- Works in collaboration with the muscular system to generate movement. The joints work as a pivot point for the movement of muscles and bones.
- When muscles contract, they apply force to the skeleton, which then moves. So, the skeleton is vital to movement, providing a framework for muscles to exert force against.
Header: Mineral Storage and Blood Production
- Bone marrow, located within some larger bones, manufactures blood cells, a process known as hematopoiesis.
- Bones also serve as a storage for essential minerals. These include calcium and phosphorus, which are integral for skeletal hardness and overall health.
- These minerals can be released into the bloodstream when needed for other parts throughout the body.
Header: Endocrine Regulation
- The skeleton plays a role in endocrine regulation. Bones release a hormone called osteocalcin, which helps regulate insulin production, sugar handling, and energy expenditure.
By understanding these core functions, you will have a solid foundation for exploring the inter-related systems of muscles, joints, and the nervous system - and their roles in physical activity and sport.