Introduction to Chemistry, Physics, and Biology
Introduction to Chemistry
- Atoms and elements are the basic units of matter. Elements are composed of one type of atom.
- A chemical reaction involves rearranging the atomic structure of substances to create new substances.
- Balancing equations is crucial to understanding the quantity relationships in a chemical reaction.
- Periodic table groups elements based on similar properties and atomic structure.
- Understand acid-base reactions, the process of neutralisation, and pH scale.
- Rate of reaction can be affected by temperature, pressure, catalyst, and concentration.
Introduction to Physics
- Forces cause motion or a change in state of motion. Understand Newton's three laws of motion.
- Energy, its types (kinetic, potential, etc.) and conservation of energy.
- Electromagnetism includes electric circuits, electromagnetic spectrum, and their applications.
- Understand work and power, and their relationship to energy.
- Waves include sound and light, understanding their properties, interference and diffraction.
- Radioactive decay involves spontaneous change of nucleus and emission of radiation.
Introduction to Biology
- Cells are the building blocks of life, understanding their structure and the functions of organelles.
- Understand photosynthesis and cellular respiration, energy transfer processes in plants and animals.
- DNA and inheritance, including genetic variation, genetic diseases, and principles of evolution.
- Recognise the ecological relationships between organisms through food chains and food webs.
- Human anatomy and physiology, understanding major organ systems and their functions.
- Enzymes are biocatalysts, understanding their properties and factors affecting their activities.