1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th declension nouns
1st Declension Nouns
- 1st declension nouns are usually feminine, except for a few exceptions which can be masculine.
- The genitive singular of 1st declension nouns ends in -ae.
- The nominative plural ending for 1st declension nouns is -ae.
- The accusative plural ending for 1st declension nouns is -as.
- It's worth remembering that the ablative singular for 1st declension nouns ends in -ā.
2nd Declension Nouns
- 2nd declension nouns can be masculine or neuter.
- The nominative singular for masculine 2nd declension nouns usually ends in -us or -r, while for neuter nouns it ends in -um.
- The genitive singular for both masculine and neuter 2nd declension nouns ends in -i.
- The nominative and accusative plural for neuter 2nd declension nouns both end in -a.
3rd Declension Nouns
- 3rd declension nouns can be masculine, feminine, or neuter.
- The genitive singular form for all 3rd declension nouns ends in -is.
- The nominative singular can have many different endings, but it's always different from the base stem.
- The accusative singular typically ends in -em for masculine and feminine, and the nominative/accusative form for neuters ends in -e or -al.
4th Declension Nouns
- 4th declension nouns are usually masculine or neuter, with only a few exceptions which can be feminine.
- The genitive singular for both masculine and neuter 4th declension nouns ends in -ūs.
- The different forms in the nominative and accusative for masculine and feminine are typically -us and -um.
5th Declension Nouns
- 5th declension nouns are primarily feminine, with only a few exceptions which can be masculine or neuter.
- The genitive singular for 5th declension nouns ends in -ei.
- The different forms in the nominative and accusative for feminine and masculine are typically -es and -em respectively.
- The ablative singular ends in -e.